What condition can be diagnosed using a hysterosalpingography (HSG)?

• A. Ovarian cysts
• B. Fallopian tube blockage
• C. Uterine fibroids
• D. Endometriosis

Answer: (B)

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a specialized radiologic procedure that involves the injection of a contrast dye into the uterus and fallopian tubes while X-ray images are taken. This imaging technique is particularly useful for evaluating the patency (openness) of the fallopian tubes. When there is a blockage in the fallopian tubes, the dye cannot pass through, which is indicative of potential issues such as infertility.

This procedure is commonly used in the assessment of women experiencing infertility since blocked fallopian tubes can prevent sperm from reaching the egg or prevent an embryo from traveling to the uterus. The accurate identification of such blockages helps guide further treatment options for the patient.

Other conditions, like ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis, while they may affect a woman's reproductive health, are diagnosed using other methods. Ovarian cysts are typically assessed via pelvic ultrasound, uterine fibroids may be identified through transvaginal ultrasound or MRI, and endometriosis diagnosis often relies on laparoscopy or imaging studies combined with clinical evaluation. Therefore, the use of HSG is specifically aligned with detecting issues within the fallopian tubes, particularly blockages, making it the correct answer.