What is a common symptom of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?

• A. Increased energy levels
• B. Joint pain
• C. Breast tenderness
• D. Deep sleep

Answer: (C)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by a range of physical and emotional symptoms that occur prior to menstruation. Among these symptoms, breast tenderness is commonly reported. This condition, often referred to as mastalgia, can arise from hormonal fluctuations that occur during the menstrual cycle, particularly an increase in estrogen levels before menstruation. This hormonal change can lead to fluid retention and swelling in breast tissue, resulting in discomfort or tenderness.

The other options do not typically characterize PMS. Increased energy levels are not associated with the syndrome, as PMS usually brings about fatigue and mood swings. While joint pain may occur in some women due to hormonal changes, it is not one of the most common symptoms linked directly to PMS. Deep sleep is generally not a symptom of PMS; instead, many women experience sleep disturbances or insomnia as part of their premenstrual symptoms. Thus, breast tenderness stands out as a clear and common symptom associated with PMS.