What is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the postpartum period?

• A. Infection
• B. Hemorrhage
• C. Thromboembolism
• D. Cardiomyopathy

Answer: (B)

The leading cause of maternal mortality in the postpartum period is hemorrhage. This condition can occur due to several reasons, including uterine atony, retained placenta, lacerations, or coagulopathy, leading to significant blood loss. Hemorrhage is particularly critical in the days immediately following childbirth when the uterus may not contract effectively, and vascular changes coupled with blood vessel injury can result in life-threatening situations.

While infection, thromboembolism, and cardiomyopathy are also serious concerns during the postpartum period, hemorrhage remains the most immediate and common cause of maternal death. Timely recognition and management of bleeding can significantly reduce mortality rates, making an understanding of this risk essential for healthcare providers working in maternal and child health.