What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the menstrual cycle?

• A. Stimulates egg production
• B. Triggers ovulation
• C. Regulates menstruation
• D. Inhibits follicle maturation

Answer: (B)

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, specifically in the processes leading to ovulation. During the cycle, an increase in LH levels triggers the final maturation of the ovarian follicle and ultimately leads to the release of the mature egg from the ovary, a process known as ovulation. This surge in LH generally occurs midcycle, in response to rising estrogen levels produced by the developing follicles, marking a key shift in the hormonal interplay of the menstrual cycle.

Regarding the other options, although they describe functions related to the menstrual cycle, they do not accurately represent the primary role of LH. Stimulating egg production is primarily attributed to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), while the regulation of menstruation involves multiple hormones, including progesterone and estrogen, rather than exclusively LH. Additionally, inhibiting follicle maturation is not a function of LH; rather, LH is essential for the maturation and release of the egg. Thus, the correct identification of LH's role in triggering ovulation highlights its critical importance in reproductive physiology.