What medication is often prescribed for primary dysmenorrhea?

• A. Opioids
• B. NSAIDs
• C. Antidepressants
• D. Hormonal contraceptives

Answer: (B)

For primary dysmenorrhea, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently prescribed as a first-line treatment option. This is because dysmenorrhea is typically associated with increased uterine contractions and inflammation, which NSAIDs can effectively alleviate. By inhibiting the production of prostaglandins — the compounds responsible for uterine contractions and pain — NSAIDs help reduce the severity of menstrual cramps and the associated discomfort.

In addition to their analgesic properties, NSAIDs work by managing inflammation, making them suitable for treating the pain that many women experience during their menstrual cycles. Common examples of NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen, which can significantly reduce pain intensity and improve Quality of Life for those affected.

While other options such as hormonal contraceptives may also be useful for some women in managing their menstrual symptoms by preventing ovulation and reducing menstrual flow, NSAIDs specifically target the pain of dysmenorrhea directly and provide rapid relief. Opioids are typically not recommended for dysmenorrhea due to risks of dependency and side effects. Antidepressants may be indicated in cases of chronic pain or associated mood disorders, but they are not a primary treatment for dysmenorrhea itself.