Which drug is commonly used for the medical management of an ectopic pregnancy?

• A. Levonorgestrel
• B. Methotrexate
• C. Mifepristone
• D. Progesterone

Answer: (B)

Methotrexate is the preferred medication for the medical management of an ectopic pregnancy. This drug functions as a folic acid antagonist, inhibiting cellular proliferation and leading to the destruction of rapidly dividing cells, such as those found in the trophoblastic tissue of an ectopic pregnancy. Administering methotrexate can halt the growth of the ectopic tissue and allow for its gradual absorption by the body without the need for surgical intervention, making it an effective non-invasive treatment option.

In the context of ectopic pregnancies, where the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, early treatment with methotrexate can prevent complications such as rupture and internal bleeding. This drug is typically administered intramuscularly, and patients are monitored for changes in serum hCG levels to confirm the effectiveness of the treatment.

Other options presented do not serve as suitable treatments for ectopic pregnancy. Levonorgestrel is a hormonal contraceptive that prevents ovulation and is used in emergency contraception but does not treat an existing ectopic pregnancy. Mifepristone, primarily known for its use in medical abortion, is not typically employed for ectopic pregnancies. Progesterone is used to support early pregnancy but is not effective for managing ectopic pregnancies and