Which hormone is primarily responsible for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy?

• A. Progesterone
• B. Estrogen
• C. Testosterone
• D. Prolactin

Answer: (A)

The hormone primarily responsible for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy is progesterone. This steroid hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum following ovulation and plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and early stages of pregnancy.

Progesterone acts by causing changes in the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), making it thicker and more vascularized, which is essential for the implantation of a fertilized egg. It also prevents uterine contractions that could dislodge a developing embryo, thus maintaining a suitable environment for early development.

While estrogen is important for the initial development of the uterine lining during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, its role is more about stimulating growth rather than preparing the uterus for pregnancy. Testosterone predominantly influences male reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics and does not play a direct role in preparing the uterus. Prolactin is primarily involved in lactation and the development of mammary glands and is not directly related to uterine preparation for pregnancy.