Which vitamin is commonly recommended for reducing the risk of neural tube defects during pregnancy?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin B12
• C. Folic acid
• D. Vitamin A

Answer: (C)

Folic acid is widely recognized for its crucial role in reducing the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) during pregnancy. This vitamin, also known as vitamin B9, is essential for cell division and the formation of DNA and RNA. Adequate folic acid intake before conception and during early pregnancy is particularly critical because it helps ensure proper development of the neural tube, which forms the spine and brain of the fetus.

Healthcare professionals recommend that women of childbearing age take a daily supplement containing folic acid, typically 400 to 800 micrograms, to lower the risk of NTDs like spina bifida and anencephaly. This guidance is supported by extensive research showing a clear link between folic acid supplementation and a significant decrease in the occurrence of these defects.

Other vitamins mentioned in the options may play important roles in overall maternal and fetal health, but they do not have the same established connection to the prevention of neural tube defects as folic acid does.